On-chain reports show that about 6.7 million bitcoins are stored in addresses that are vulnerable to quantum computing attacks, some of which belong to Satoshi Nakamoto. Google’s team warns that these bitcoins face a risk of their private keys being derived due to the use of early P2PK scripts. Experts emphasize that it is crucial to safeguard the security of these assets, and call for advances in quantum protection and the development of regulatory policies to address future threats.

When responding to the potential threats that quantum computing could pose to cryptocurrencies, CZ emphasized that there’s no need to panic. Most cryptocurrencies can defend against the threat through upgrades, but coordinating upgrades across decentralized networks is likely to spark controversy. He warned that projects that have already stopped being maintained are difficult to upgrade and may disappear, while also urging users to migrate to quantum-resistant wallets to protect their assets. In particular, for the Bitcoin held by Satoshi Nakamoto, if quantum computing matures, it may need to be locked up or destroyed to prevent attacks. Overall, he believes that cryptocurrency is generally easier to secure than to crack.

As of the beginning of 2026, Satoshi Nakamoto is still the world’s largest Bitcoin holder, holding about 1.096 million BTC. Other major holders include exchanges, ETF issuers, and governments, and the holdings of BlackRock and the U.S. government are both significant.